Mohawk is a language of the Iroquoian family of northeastern North America, spoken in Quebec, Ontario, and New York State. Like other Iroquoian languages, it is polysynthetic: words, particularly verbs, can consist of many meaningful parts (morphemes). Often, what is said in a single verb in Mohawk would be expressed in a multi-word sentence in other languages such as English. This fundamental difference in grammatical structure raises interesting questions about the boundaries between morphology and syntax. Perhaps the most intriguing involve a robust kind of noun–verb compounding called noun incorporation. This chapter discusses Mohawk words, noun incorporation, determiner phrases, possession, the noun–verb relationship, semantic transparency and idiomaticity, productivity, and reference.