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(p. 667) General Index
(p. 667) General Index
Numbers in bold refer to illustrations.
Abramson, H. 387
Acheloos (god) 58–60
Adomėnas, Mantas 363
Aeschylus 30, 31, 43, 94, 206, 298, 364, 399, 406, 448, 479, 607
Agamemnon 13
Choephoroi 448
see also Index of Passages
Ajax (mythological hero) 55
Albinus, Lars 551
Aleshire, Sarah B. 313–14
Alexander of Aphrodisias 219
Alexander Polyhistor 418
Aleximachos of Amorgas (hero) 391–3
Alfayé, Silvia 400
Allers, Rudolf 654
Alonge, Mark 105
Amphiaraos (mythological hero) 469
Amphictyon (mythological hero) 275
Anaximander 212
Andres, F. 414
Ano Englianos excavations 155
Anubis (god) 624–5
Aphrodite (goddess, aka Mylitta, Ailat, Mitra) 12, 14, 46, 86, 90, 132–3, 251, 372, 374, 377–80, 495, 598–9
Apollo (god) 13, 31, 34, 74, 76, 140, 153, 156–7, 161, 179, 185, 370, 374, 434, 440, 482, 484, 509–10, 542
sanctuary at Akraiphnion in Boiotxzia 16
sanctuary at Kalapodi 15
sanctuary at Pantikapaion 592–3
archaeobotany 118
archaeology
Classical 115
cognitive 116
history and theory 115–17
linguistic 375
mapping and sensing technology 117–18
methodologies 117–19
New Archaeology 115–16
post-processual 116
processual 115–16
architectural features 61–4
Echinos marble relief 243
Greco-Egyptian sanctuaries 626–9
Naxian sphinx 276
Nike Balustrade 58
sculpture 580–1
Telemachus Monument 313–14
see also inscriptions; statuary
Argos 43–6
Aristomenes (king) 34–5
Aristotle 30, 152, 212–13, 417, 654–5
Athenian Constitution 480
On Dreams 481
Rhetoric 432–3
see also Index of Passages
Arsinoe II (queen) 438–9
Artemis (goddess) 33, 100–1, 184, 188–9, 241, 251, 260, 274, 524–5, 532–3, 543, 545–8, 609
Laphria festival 14–15
sanctuary at Kalapodi 15
sanctuary at Magnesia-on-the-Maeander 543–8
sanctuary at Pantikapaion 594–5
Arvidsson, Stefan 376
Asad, Talal 24
Ascough, Richard S. 114
Aspinall, Arnold 117
Assmann, Jan 141
Aston, Emma 496
Athanassiadi, Polymnia 220
Athena (goddess) 71, 91, 157, 161, 187–91, 194–5, 250, 311–12, 374
bouphonia ritual 33
cult at Lindos 429
depiction on coins 264
sanctuary at Emborio 17
sanctuary at Syracuse 573
statues in Athens 167–71
temple at Troy 165
Athens
Asklepieia 34
images of the gods 165–76
laws and prescriptions 325–36
loss of civic rights (atimia) 330
Parthenon 167–75
sanctuary of Artemis Agrotera 33
sanctuary of Artemis Brauronia 100–1
sanctuary of Dionysos Eleuthereos 181
statues/images of Athena 167–76
athletic contests/games 182, 391–2, 527, 553
Arsinoeia and Philadelpheia games 439
crown games (periodos) 274–7
Nemean games 274
Ptolemaian games 437
Aubriot-Sevin Danièle, 448–9
Ault, Bradley A. 119
Aune, David 137–8
Ausfeld, Carl 449
Austin, Michel 500
Azim, Firdous 317
Baal (god) 376–7
Babbitt, Frank C. 415
Babcock, Barbara A. 530
Babylon 70
Bachofen, Johann Jakob 357
Bachvarova, Mary R. 612
Bactrian and Indian culture and religion 7, 637–46
archaeological excavations 638–43
Buddhism 641–4
Kushan empire 645–6
Baeumer, Max L. 362
Bagley, Robert 660
Bahn, Paul 116
Baird, Jennifer 106
Ballet, Pascale 118
Barber, E. J. W. 169
Barker, Elton 76–7
Barlou, Vasiliki 278
Barthes, Roland 196
Barton, Tamsyn 659
Beard, Mary 18
Behr, Charles A. 70–1
Behrendt, Kurt 644
belief
centrality of practice 21–7
high intensity vs. low intensity 23–6
material culture 113–25
materialistic systems 22
ritualistic 21–7
Bell, Harold I. 131–2
Benjamin, Walter 196
Berenike II, queen 133
Beresford, James 540
Bergquist, Birgitta 357
Bernard, Paul 640–1
Beschi, L. 60
Bettinetti 170
Betz, Hans D. 137–8
Bhabha, Homi 317–18
Bickerman, Elias J. 538
Billot, F. 275
Biltz, O. 605
Binford, Lewis 116
Birge, Darice 115
Bitsakis, Yanis 538
Blackman, D. J. 284
Blakely, Sandra 282–4
Blänsdorf Jürgen, 458
Blavatsky, V. D. 593
Blinkenberg, Christian 583
Bluck, R. S. 217
Blundell, Sue 244
Bodel, John 448
Boehringer, David 385–6
Bommelaer Jean-François, 276
Bonnechère, Pierre 464
Borgeaud, Philippe 495
Bourdieu, Pierre 347
Boutantin Céline, 123
Boyer, Pascal 23
Brancaccio, Pia 644
Bravo, J. J. 389
Breiger, Ronald L. 317
Bremmer, Jan N. 7, 14, 39, 186, 199, 232, 250, 257, 268, 325, 358, 370, 375, 377, 397–9, 401, 405, 449, 464, 482, 497, 551, 609–10, 612–15
Bresson, A. 108
Brickhouse, Thomas C. 335
Bruit, Louise 494
Brulé, Pierre 349
Brumfield, Allaire C. 538
Brun, Patrice 542
Brust, Manfred 614
Bryce, Trevor 613
Buck, C. D. 18
Buckler, John 276
Budelmann, Felix 93
Bürchner, Ludwig 232
Burkert, Walter 6, 14, 41, 51, 123, 134, 141, 173, 196, 218, 228, 257, 282, 297, 317, 357–8, 360, 362, 369–70, 374–9, 384, 387–90, 464–7, 470–3, 478, 496, 521, 526, 594–5, 605–6, 610, 612–13
Burnyeat, Myles F. 334
Burstein, S. M. 114
Burtt, J. 74
Busine, Aude 349
Byrne, Ryan 612
Calder, William M. 569
Calvo Martinez, José L. 403
Cambon, Pierre 641
Camp, John 233
Canciani, F. 448
Carawan, Edwin 332
Casadio, Giovanni 605
Catling, H. W. 117
Chadwick, Henry 423
Chadwick, John 373
Chang, K. C. 657
Chankowski, Andrzej S. 265
Chapouthier, Fernand 122–3
Chemla, Karine 659
Chester, P. 118
Christidis, A.-P. 486
Clack, Timothy 114
Clarke, Michael J. 554
Claros or Clarus, see Klaros
Claudius Ptolemaeus 219
Claus, David B. 554
Cleland, Liza 100
Cline, Eric H. 613
Cocteau, Jean 513
Cohen, David 326–7
Coldstream, J. N. 385–6
Collar, Anna 316
Collins, Billie Jean 610
Comella, Annamaria 100
communal religion 1, 4, 257–69, 273–85
creation and maintenance of trust 259
Greco-Egyptian communities 632
obscure vs. spectacular activities 261–2
range of polities 258–61
social capital 261
comparative linguistics 373–6
Comte, Auguste 197
Conan, Michel 115
Conger, George P. 654
Connerton, Paul 105
Conolly, James 118
Copenhaver, Brian P. 138
Corlu, André 448
Costa, C. D. N. 409
Costabile, Felice 402–3
Coulton, J. J. 578
courtesans (hetairai) 120
Crane, Gregory 555
Crawley Quinn, Joesphine 167
Creuzer, Georg Friedrich 356–7
Cribb, Joe 646
Crowther, Charles 350
Csapo, Eric 196
cultic ritual practice
calendars and festivals 537–49
financial upkeep and donations 106–7
fasting 16
Cultrera, Giuseppe 572
Curd, Patricia 212
Cyrino, Monica S. 378
Cyrus the Younger (prince and general) 302–3
Daeira (goddess) 206
Dakaris, S. 486
D’Angour, Armand 33
Daniel, Robert 139
Dark, Ken R. 116
Daumas Michèle, 123
Davidson, James 548
Davis, Jack L. 155
Dawe, Roger 405
death and the afterlife 5–6, 218
conceptions of death 397–410
feasting 526
funerary processions 526
funerary regulations 329
funerary reliefs 557
Hades (Underworld) 55–7, 72, 139–42, 144, 251, 301, 304, 319, 355, 357–8, 360, 364, 377–8, 384, 398–401, 403–8, 457, 511, 553–9, 562, 597, 599, 600, 622–3, 625, 632
magic 407–8
memorials 552–4
necromancy and oracles 404–6
processions 526
public funerals 265
social status 104
summoning of souls 406–7
tending of tombs 553
transmigration of souls 561
see also life-change rituals; pollution
Debord, P. 607
de Cesare, Monica 58
de Grummond, Nancy T. 229
Delgado, Luis M. 400
Delli Pizzi, A. 329–30
Demand, Nancy 525
Demargne, P. 168–70
Demetrios Poliorketes (king) 435–7
Despinis, Georgios 492
Des Places, E. 220
Despoina (goddess) 102
de Wilde, Marc 196
Dhammika, V. S. 643
Dickie, Matthew W. 300
Diehls, Hermann 654
Diggle, James 133
Dillery, J. 299
Dimitrova, Nora 284
Dione (goddess) 86
Dionysios of Halikarnassos 203
Dionysios I of Syracuse 440
(p. 674)
Dionysos (Bacchus, god) 13, 41, 93, 102, 133–5, 151, 160, 179, 187, 189, 191, 218, 356, 362–4, 370, 372, 374, 381, 384, 420–1, 440, 514, 525, 541–2, 559, 595–6, 601, 608–9, 621
objection to his arrival as a new god 32
sanctuary at the Athenian acropolis 181
Djamouri, Redouane 660
Dobbins, J. J. 100
Dobrovolskaya, E. V. 595–6
Dodd, David 522
Domitian (Roman emperor) 61–3
Donnay, G. 326
Donohue, Alice A. 171
Dover, Kenneth J. 326
drama
political 189–91
ritual and relations with the gods 183–7
satyr drama 183
tragic plots (muthoi) 182
Dreyer, Boris 432
Drozdek, Adam 212
Drujinina, A. 639
Duara, Prasenjit 654
Dubois, Laurent 385
Dumézil, Georges 40
Dunand Françoise, 318–20
Dunbabin, Katherine M. D. 105
Dunn, Francis M. 189
Duplouy, Alain 230–1
Durkheim, Émile 466
Dyggve, Ejnar 392
Eberhard, Wolfram 659
Edlund-Berry, Ingrid 229
Edwards, Mark W. 156
Edwards, Michael J. 331–2
Egetmeyer, Markus 612
Egyptian culture and religion 7, 12–13, 105, 114, 120–5, 131–45, 151, 219–20, 235–7, 318–20, 372–4, 437–9, 621–34
see also Greco-Egyptian culture and religion
Ehrenberg, Victor 275
Eidinow, Esther 26, 42, 103–4, 114, 248, 257, 261, 268–9, 299–300, 311, 316–17, 326–7, 331, 400, 407–8, 451, 457, 479, 612, 656, 659
Einodia (Hecate, goddess) 185–6
Eliade, Mircea 199
Ellis-Hansen, A. 525
epic narrative 3, 11–18, 83, 151–63
authority of 86
poetic imaginary 152
religious performances 155–9
epichoric religions (Luwian, Karian, Lykian, and Lydian) 607–9
epichorios (local practice/culture) 78
epigraphs, see inscriptions
Epiteles (military general) 34–5
Erbse, Hartmut 404
Eros (god) 86
Erskine, Andrew 39
Eusebius 18
Euthyphro (religious prophet) 14
Facella, M. 350
Fairbanks, Arthur 357
Faulkner, Andrew 494
Fauth, Wolfgang 137–8
Federico, C. M. 196
Ferguson, W. S. 258
festivals 537–49
Adonia 250–3
Arrhephoria 262
Artemis Kindyas 260
Choes 205
Daidala 44
Epidemia 494
Isiteria 546–8
Kallynteria 547
Laphria 14–15
Leukophryena 545–6
Navigium Isidis 630–1
Panionia 274
Posideia 540
Proerosia 263
Ptolemaia 437–8
Soteria 500
Theophania 494
Thesaia 182
Tonaia/Heraia 45
Festugière, André J. 245
Finke, Roger 614
Finley, Moses 652
Fiorelli, Giuseppe 115
Flannery, K. 116
Fogelin, Lars 116
Ford, Andrew 160
Forrer, Emil 610
Forsén Bjørn, 512
Foucault, Michel 100
Fraenkel, Eduard 13
Frame, Douglas 153
Francfort, H.-P. 646
François, Gilbert 416
Frankfort, Henri 140
Frankfurter, David 143
Freeth, Tony 538
Frei, Peter 607
Freyer-Schauenburg, Brigitte 230
Friedrich, Johannes 610
Fröhlich, P. 387
Furtwängler, A. 388
Fussman, G. 644
Gaffney, Chris 117
Gager, John G. 455–6
Gaki-Papanastassiou, K. 118
Galen 219–20
Gane, Mike 196
Ganschinietz, R. 137
Garbrah, K. 497
García Ramón, J. L. 613
García Teijeiro, M. 401–2
Gartziou-Tatti, A. 154
Gater, John 117
Gebauer Jörg, 51
Gebhard, Elizabeth 390
Geertz, Clifford 163
Georgoudi, S. 545
Gerber, Douglas E. 389
Gernet, Louis 40
Giangiulio, M. 276
Giddens, Anthony 347
Gill, D. W. J. 167
Gillings, Mark 118
Giordano-Zecharya, M. 335
Girard Renée, 464
Girardot, Norman J. 654
Girone, M. 508
Giuman, Marco 189
gods and goddesses
divine negligence (ameleian) 74
divine perfection 216
essentialization of 39–40
hierarchy 424
unity and plurality 39–46
see also heroes; myth/mythology; and individual deities
Golden, M. 524
Goroncharovski, V. A. 591
Graf, Fritz 6, 16, 55, 135, 137, 143, 173–5, 265, 363–4, 369, 374, 401, 404–5, 407, 448, 454, 456, 465, 486, 494, 496–7, 509, 515–16, 522, 529, 531
Graham, J. Walter 245
Granet, Marcel 656–7
Granger, H. 213
Greaves, Alan M. 599
Greco-Egyptian culture and religion 7, 136, 621–34
festivals 630–1
mysteries and initiation 631–2
priests 633
temples and sanctuaries 626–9
Gregory, Andrew 72
Grondin, Jean 213
Gruppe, Otto 605
Guldager Bilde, Pia 589
Güntner, Gudrun 58
Guthrie, William K. C. 135
Hägg, Robin 228
Haider, P. W. 610
Hall, E. 407
Hall, Jonathan M. 275
Hamilakis, Yannis 118
Hamilton, Richard 248
Hanell, Krister 568
Hannah, Robert 537–8
Harding, Phillip 204–6
Harper, Donald J. 659
Harrington, J. M. 118
Harris, Roy 105
Harrison, Jane Ellen 357
Hausmann, Ulrich 241
Hawkins, Shane 609
healing 505–17
Epidaurian healing inscriptions (iamata) 505–10
erection of statues 514–15
penitence 505
purification ritual and law 17, 136, 213, 218, 248, 262, 296, 297, 301, 302, 304, 399, 402, 418, 422, 505–6, 513–16, 628
sacred animals 507
see also pollution
Heitsch, Ernst 141
Hellenistic kings and rulers 429–42
Helmis, A. 391
Hellström, P. 102
Henderson, John 18
Henige, David 204
Hera (goddess) 11, 43–6, 359, 374
temple at Boiotian Plataia 44
temple at Parthenia 45
temple at Poseidonia 579
(p. 678)
Herakles (god/mythological hero) 13, 91, 201, 259, 372, 377–8, 384, 404, 435, 600–1
kraterophron (cult epithet) 86
sanctuary on Thasos 17
Herbich, T. 117
Herculaneum 115
Hermann, Arnold 214
Herodotos 4, 12–14, 18, 33–4, 68–71, 83, 123, 131, 151–2, 195, 198–9, 238, 250, 264, 282, 298, 312, 379, 406, 495, 512, 553, 574
story of Helen of Troy 201–3
see also Index of Passages
heroes/heroines
causes of pollution 2
imperishable fame 552
revenants 402–3
significance of death 383–5
tombs and funerals 384–8
Herrero, Miguel 134–5
Herrmann, H. V. 388–9
Herrmann, P. 454
Herzog, Rudolf 507
Hesiod 13, 31, 70, 77, 83–7, 151–3, 162, 214, 216, 220, 369–75, 385–6, 401, 416, 450, 466, 471, 610–12, 614
see also Index of Passages
Hestia (goddess) 246
Heubeck, A. 405
Hiebert, Fredrik T. 641
Hild, J. A. 414
Hiltebeitel, Alf 153
Hipparchos 167
Hippokrates 304
history 4, 195–207
ideology 196
local vs. ‘great’ 203
mythistory 198–207
positivism 196
see also heroes; historiography
Hock, Geog 174
Hodder, Ian 116
Hodge, A. Trevor 578
Hodos, Tamar 118
Holt, Frank L. 637
Homer 13, 68, 85, 77, 213, 385, 416, 441, 447–8, 612
Iliad 11, 34, 41, 43, 83, 86, 151–63, 165, 371, 398–400, 448–9, 471, 487, 493, 495, 512–13, 515, 554–5
see also Index of Passages
Hommel, Hildebrecht 589
Homolle, T. 596
Hooker, J. T. 401
Hopfner, Theodor 137–8
Hordern, J. 134–5
Horky, Phillip S. 613
Hornborstel, Wilhelm 625
Houby-Nielsen, S. 57
household (oikos)
altars 548
divine images 166–7
gender roles 521
women’s quarters 246
see also life-change rituals; women
Hume, David 25
Humphreys, S. C. 526
Hupe, J. 589
Hurcombe, Linda 100
Hutson, Scott 116
Hutter, M. 607–9
hymns, see songs and music
iconography 40, 44, 55, 58, 118, 122–4, 181, 241–3, 299, 317, 319, 369, 389, 440, 491–3, 491, 600, 626, 640–1, 644–6
Iggers, G. G. 196
Ilyina, T. A. 596–7
inscriptions 51, 59–61, 97–108, 313–14, 452, 497–8
commemoration and devotion 104–6
Epidaurian healing inscriptions (iamata) 505–10
footprints 105
hymns 105
prayers and curses 103–6
religious experience 104–6
sacrificial calendars 537–49
social ties and connectivity 106–8
see also Index of Passages
Instone, S. 105
Iossif, Panagiotis 440
Jakov, D. 450
Jeammet, Violaine 120
Jeanmaire, Henri 522
Jensen, Søren S. 415
Jiménez, Ana E. 135
Johnston, Sarah Iles 6, 16, 135–6, 141, 268, 298, 300, 311, 361, 363–4, 373, 399–400, 402, 404, 407–8, 451, 478, 480–2, 485–7, 512, 551, 553, 657
Jones, Alexander 538
Jones, Christopher 387
Jones, Horace L. 528
Jones, Lindsay 228
Jones, Martin 118
Jones, Nicholas F. 258–9
Jost, J. T. 196
Jost, M. 318
Jouan, F. 406–7
Jouanna, J. 100
Kahil, Lilly 532–3
Kaibel, Georg 557
Kajava, M. 448
Kalinowski, Marc 659
Kaltsas, Nikos 241–3
Kambitsis, S. 139
Karakasi, Katarina 230
Katz, J. 480
Kaukon (mythological hero) 34–5
Kavoulaki, Athena 497
Keesling, Katherine 167
Keightley, David N. 660
Kennell, Nigel 531
Kephisos (god) 60
Kessler, D. 621
Kienast, H. J. 230
King, Charles 23
King, Helen 524–5
Kitts, Margo 158
Klein, N. L. 578
Klinghardt, Matthias 449
Kloppenborg, John S. 114
Koenen, Ludwig 432
Koetschau, P. 449
Kohl, Philip 116
Konsolaki, E. 118
Kötting, B. 105
Kranz, Walther 654
Krauter, S. 265
Kravaritou, S. 537
Kreon (mythological ruler) 14
Krieger, Leonard 196
Kroll, J. H. 168
Krüger, O. 346
Kruglikova, I. T. 640
Krumme, M. 170
Krummen, E. 390
Kubinska, J. 386
Kucan, D. 118
Kuhrt, A. 612
Kurtz, Donna C. 399
Kyriakidis, Evangelos 116
Ladike (wife of Amasis II) 14
Laidlaw, W. 237
Lake, Mark 118
Laks, A. 133
Lamberton, Robert 160
Lambrinoudakis, V. 278
Lampon (seer) 14
Lane, Eugene 350
Langdon, Merle 100
Langin-Hooper, S. M. 124
La Rocca, E. 500
Lateiner, Donald 77
Launey, Marcel 260
Lawton, C. L. 61
Lazzarini, M. L. 99
LeBlanc, S. A. 116
Lefèvre François, 276–7
Lehmann, P. W. 281–3
Lehoux, D. 118
Leitao, David 525
Lesbos 615
Lesher, James H. 213–14
Lévêque, P. 384
Levi, P. 79
Lévi-Strauss, Claude 556
Lichtheim, Miriam 140
life-change rituals 2, 6, 521–34
Amphidromia (recognition of newborns by fathers) 246
baby’s first bath 524
female initiation ceremonies 532–3
gender segregation 523
hairstyles 525
homosexuality 529–30
male initiation ceremonies 528–31
marriage and death rituals 525–7
naming of children 246
pregnancy and birth 524–5
Lightfoot, Jane L. 15
Limberis, N. Y. 591
Lincoln, P. 522–3
Lindberg, David C. 138
Linder, M. 24
Lindos 107
Lindström, G. 639
Linfert, A. 58
Lipinski, Edward 379
Lissarrague, F. 53
Little, Lester K. 513
Livy 203
Lorenz, C. 196
Lorenz, J. 612
Lorenz, Konrad 465–6
Loucas, E. 102
Loucas, I. 102
Lozovoi, S. P. 595–6
Lucan 405
Luce, Jean-Marc 276
Luck-Huyse, Karin 397
Lührmann, D. 496
Ma, J. 342
McCauley, B. 388
McConnell, B. E. 575
Macdonald, M. C. A. 105
McInerney, Jeremy 277
Mackil, Emily 258
MacKillop, James 159
Mackley, Robert 23
McLean, Bradley H. 99
McPherran, Mark L. 334
Magna Graecia (South Italy and Sicily) 6, 567–84
indigenous religion 575–6
religious interaction with Greece 581–4
religious tradition and innovation 568–76
Majercik, R. 221
Majumdar, N. G. 644
Malcolm, Norman 25
Mallwitz, A. 388
Maltomini, F. 139
Maniscalco, L. 575
Manni, E. 568
Mansfield, J. M. 168–9
Marcadé, J. 236
Marchand, Suzanne L. 605
Marcone, A. 514
Marcus, J. 116
Mari, Manuela 282
Marinatos, Nanno 228
Marshall, John 642
Martin, Alain 213
Martinez-Sève, L. 644–6
Martlew, Holley 118
Marx-Wolf, H. 415
Mayhew, Robert 328–9
Mayr, P. 625
Melaerts, H. 432
Melchert, H. Craig 606
Melfi, M. 314
Menander (king) 644–5
Menodotos of Samos 45
Mertens, D. 571
Mertens, J. R. 54
Messenia 34–6
Meuli, Karl 465
Meyer, E. A. 104
Migeotte Léopold, 106–7
Miles, M. 578
Miller, F. D. 398
Miller, J. L. 610
Mitchell, M. M. 493
Mitsopoulos-Leon, V. 101
Mittag, P. F. 500
Mnasistratos the hierophant 35–6
Mnemosyne (goddess) 86
Möbius, H. 299
Mojsov, Bojana 622
Molinos Tejada, M. T. 401–2
Monbrun, P. 91
monotheism 39
Monti, C. 118
Morenz, Siegfried 144
Morgan, Michael L. 216–18
Morrison, J. V. 156
Moyer, Ian 373
Muller, Arthur 124
Müller, Karl Otfried 356
Murray, A. T. 449
Nachtergael, G. 106
Nag Hammadi texts 221–2
Napier, J. L. 196
Nestor (mythological hero) 153–5
Neumann, G. 607–9
Nevett, L. 119
Nevett, Lisa C. 245
Nick, Gabriele 170
Nielsen, T. H. 257
Nietzsche, Friedrich 362
Nightingale, A. 69
Nijhawan, M. 347
Nikainetos of Samos 45
Nikias (military commander) 302
Noegel, S. B. 317
Numenius 220–1
Oakley, John H. 57
Obbink, D. 608
Oberheid, Robert 610
Oettinger, N. 613
Oldfather, C. H. 431
Olympiodoros 135
oracles 6, 13–15, 35–6, 136–45, 293, 296–9, 496, 498, 656–62
Chaldaean 220–1
cosmic sympatheia 485
drawing of lots 479–80
independent diviners (pythones) 480
magic 485–7
natural vs. technical methods 478–81
Trophonios at Lebadeia 79–80
oratory/orators 73–5
Oreshko, R. 613
Orlandini, P. 575
(p. 684)
Orphic tradition 6, 30, 31, 103, 131, 281, 220–1, 300, 316, 360, 363, 371, 401, 404, 584, 614–15, 621
Ostwald, Martin 333
Ousterhout, Robert G. 227
Pace, B. 576
Pache, C. O. 385
Pakkanen, P. 275
Palme, B. 132
Papanastassiou, D. 118
Parcak, Sarah 117
Pariente, A. 387
Parker, Robert C. T. 15–18, 23–4, 29–30, 33, 39–41, 61, 71, 73–5, 92, 98–9, 135, 166–7, 169, 191, 233–5, 246, 248–50, 258–9, 261–3, 266–9, 273–4, 280, 295, 300, 310–14, 316–18, 325, 329, 333–5, 340, 342, 347, 358–60, 364, 372–3, 380, 386, 399, 402, 471, 492, 512, 521, 523–4, 526, 532, 534, 547, 608, 662
Partenie, Catalin 217
Partida, Elena 276
Patras 14–15
Pausanias 14–15, 18, 34, 37, 68–9, 78–80, 86, 168, 171, 173, 181, 275, 297, 389–90, 482, 506, 558, 568–9
Description of Greece see Index of Passages
Pausanias the Atticist 206
Pax, E. 493
Payne, H. 583
Pecorella Longo, C. 326
Peek, P. M. 660
Pellizer, E. 448
Pensky, R. 196
Penttinen, A. 275
Peppas-Delmousou, D. 101
Percy, William 529
Perlman, P. 533
Persephone (goddess) 135, 139, 158, 205–6, 251, 282, 293, 403–5, 407, 457, 496, 523, 533, 559, 562, 569, 597–9
Peterson, E. 135
Petrakos, V. 469
Petsalis-Diomidis, Alexi 71
Pettazzoni, Raffaele 510
Petzl, Georg 510–12
Pfaff, C. A. 573
Phanodemos (historian) 203–7
Philipp, Hanna 100
Philippus of Opus 419–20
Philostratos 642
Piccardi, L. 118
Pičikjan, I. R. 639–40
Pickard-Cambridge, A. W. 180
Pinault, G.-J. 641
Pinney, G. F. 55–6
Planeaux, C. 313
Plato 73, 195, 211, 213–14, 216–22, 247, 304, 398, 401, 525, 530, 654
doctrine of the Forms 217
ethics 217–18
Gorgias 560
myth of Eros 418–19
Parmenides 222–3
Phaedo 560
Theaetetus 217
theory of recollection 217
Timaeus 219
see also Index of Passages
Pliny the Elder 509
Pliny the Younger 409
Plotinus 220–1
Plutarch 172, 198, 219–21, 233–5, 248, 252, 293, 300, 305, 319, 331, 333, 419–22, 426, 464, 469–71, 484, 496–8, 526, 529–30, 622, 625
Life of Timoleon 496–8
see also Index of Passages
Pluto (god) 131
poetry/poetic performance 3, 11–18, 68
Homeric Hymn to Apollo 84–93
poetic language 86
religious role of 83–95
symbolic capital 84
tool of socialization 85
pollution 268
hereditary sin 135
hero cults 390
marriage, childbirth, and death 523
miasma from animal sacrifice 424
Polygnotos (painter) 558
polytheism 2, 17, 23, 29, 39–46, 186, 320, 424, 432, 493
French structuralist approach to 40
see also gods and goddesses
Pomeroy, Sarah B. 245
Pompeii 115
Poo, M. C. 659
Popham, M. R. 386
pottery
cult vessels dedicated to Artemis (krateriskoi) 532
depiction of the dead 556
grave goods 57
Poulsen, F. 392
Preißhofen, F. 172
Prêtre, Clarisse 99
Preucel, R. 116
Price, T. H. 362
priests (hiereis)/priestesses (hiereiai)/priesthood 14, 133, 136, 267, 293–305, 486, 614
duties and functions 295–7
Greco-Egyptian 633
see also religious authority
Primavesi, Oliver 213
Pritchett, W. K. 497
Quack, J. 624
Rackham, H. 441
Radcliffe-Brown 521
Radet, G. 602
Rambach, J. 388
Rapin, C. 642
Rauh, Nicholas K. 259
Redman, C. L. 116
Rehm, A. 106
religious authority
adoption of new deities 309–20
divine agency 349–50
monuments and inscriptions 101–4
see also impiety
Renberg, G. 497
Renfrew, Colin 116–17
Reuthner, Rosa 169
Rhomaios, K. 392
Rhys-Davids, T. W. 644
Richardson, N. J. 92
Richer, N. 311
Rickett, W. Allyn 655
Ricoeur, Paul 197
Rieken, E. 612
Rigsby, Kent J. 499
Rives, J. 114
Robinson, D. M. 245
Robinson, Annabel 357
Roeder, H. 228
Roller, Lynn E. 317
Rose, H. J. 247
Rosenmeyer, T. G. 401
Rosenzweig, Rachel 379
Rouse, W. H. D. 345
Rousset, Denis 277
Rowlandson, Jane 133
Roy, Jim 313
Rubsam, W. J. R. 133
Rückert, Birgit 167
sacrifice (thysia) 12, 13, 261–6, 463–73
ancestral (patria) vs. additional (epitheta) 32–3
animal slaughter 14–15, 16, 51–3, 52, 118, 181, 231, 241–2, 247, 265, 296, 391–2, 424, 463, 465–72, 544–5, 654
Laphria festival 14–15
sacramental act 22
sphagia (bloodletting) 463
standards of decorum 467–72
use of cakes 98
women’s role 242–4
see also sanctuaries/temples
Salomon, Richard 642
Sanchez, P. 275–7
Sancho Rocher, L. 326
sanctuaries/temples 4, 13–15, 227–38
asylum 16
floral offerings 118
political function 228–9
prohibition on sexual intercourse 18
Santangelo, F. 546
(p. 688)
Sarapis (Osiris Serapis/Oserapis/Oser-Apis, god and cult) 68, 123, 131, 143–4, 235–6, 318–20, 373, 621, 623–6
Sayce, Archibald 609
Schädler, U. 543
Schazmann, P. 392
Scheid, John 24
Schiffer, M. 119
Schliemann, Heinrich 115
Schmidt, Armin 117
Schmidt, Francis 39
Schmidt, J. 138
Schmidt, M. 237
Schmidt, S. 166
Schöpsdau, K. 328
Schorn, Stefan 548
Schröder, H. O. 219
Scott, David A. 114
Scully, Vincent 228
Segal, Charles 362
Segel, R. 252
Segre, Mario 346
Shapiro, Harvey A. 241–3
Shaw, R. 114
Shaya, J. 583
Shear, J. L. 106
Shear, T. L. 122
Shenkar, M. 645
Sherwin-White, S. M. 392
Sider, David 554
Siewert, P. 262
Silanos of Ambrakia (seer/diviner) 302–4
Sineux, P. 498
Sinn, U. 229
Sinos, R. H. 497
Siracusano, Anna 575
Skinner, Joseph E. 274–5
Skinner, Quentin 26
Slater, W. J. 499
Smith, Morton 137–8
Smith, Nicholas D. 335
Smith, Robertson 21–5
Snell, B. 398
Sokolova, O. Y. 601
Sokolsky, N. I. 600
Solon 32
Sommerstein, A. 532
songs and music 85–93, 160–1
choral dance 85
mediator of divine reality 85
processional song (prosodion) 179
sistra (musical instruments) 115
Sorabji, Richard 655
Sørensen, Jesper 23
Soskice, Janet M. 27
Sourvinou-Inwood, Christiane 40, 67, 69, 93, 113, 165, 169–70, 180–1, 189, 199, 206, 245, 250, 257, 267, 273, 310–12, 320, 331, 484, 521, 525, 532–3, 555
Soury, G. 421
Sparta/Spartans 191, 198, 304–5, 522–3
free men (perioikoi) 35
male initiation ceremonies 528–31
marriage ceremonies 526
sacrificial practice 469–70
Sperber, Dan 25–7
Spittle, D. 281–2
Stähli, A. 166
Stambaugh, John 621
Stark, Rodney 614
Stauber, J. 514
Steele, John M. 538
Steiner, G. 405
Steinhauer, G. 101
Stephens, S. 373
Stern, Sacha 538
Stesichoros (poet) 183
Stevens, A. 495
Stocker, S. 155
Stol, M. 606
Stone, I. F. 334
Strauss, B. S. 332
Strauss, R. 610
Strubbe, J. H. M. 454
Sturgeon, M. C. 599–600
Summa, D. 499
Svoronos, J. N. 57
Swain, Simon 37
Tacitus 612
Tanner, Jeremy 492
Taracha, Piotr 609
Tarn, W. W. 637
Tassi, F. 118
Taylor, P. 609
Teffeteller, A. 615
Teubner, Hans 344
Thayer, K. 118
Theagenes of Rhegion 160
Theognis 70
Theoris of Lemnos (sorceress) 300
Thomas, Christine 608
Thompson, Dorothy B. 124
Thompson, Homer H. 124
Thönges-Stringaris, R. N. 557
Thucydides 70, 73–4, 76, 173, 195, 198–9, 278, 281, 297, 299, 513, 553, 568
see also Index of Passages
Tilley, C. 100
Timoleon (statesman) 293
Timotin, Andrei 415
Tipping, R. 118
Titanomachy 610–11
Tokhtasiev 598
Tomlin, R. S. O. 458
Török, L. 114
Travlos, John 233–4
Tréheux, J. 280
Treister, M. Y. 595
Trémouille, M.-C. 608
Tresp, A. 341
Tsagalis, C. 104
Tsakirgis, B. 115
Turcan, R. 397
Tynnichos of Chalkis 30
Tzedakis, Y. 118
Uhlenbrock, J. 124
Underworld, see death and the afterlife: Hades
Usener, Hermann 344
van der Eijk Philip 72
van Nijf, Onno 259
Vanschoonwinkel, J. 610
Vansina, Jan 204
Várhelyi, Z. 486
Vasselli, O. 118
Vedic soma rituals 153
Ventris, Michael 373
Verhoeven, M. 116
Versnel, Hendrik S. 2, 5, 23–4, 39, 41, 45, 68, 87, 103, 158, 184, 273, 335, 359, 363, 407, 449, 450, 452, 454–5, 458–9, 493, 495–6, 511
Veyne, P. 206
Vial, C. 280
Vikela, E. 60
Vinogradov, Y. G. 594
Virgil 400
Visintin, M. 402
Visser, M. 386
Vitruvius 62
Vokotopoulou, I. 486
Volk, K. 480
von der Mühll, P. 404
von Prott, Johannes 344–5
von Ranke, Leopold 197
Voza, G. 572
Walbank, F. W. 432
Wallace, R. W. 326
Wasserman, N. 606
Waszink, J. H. 141
Watson, P. J. 116
Webster, J. 105
Weingreen, J. 138
Weinreich, O. 452
Weiss, P. 62
Wells, B. 275
Wesler, Kit 116
West, Stephanie 607
Wheatley, David 118
White, D. 574
Whitehead, David 263
Wiebe, Donald 25
Wiemer, H.-U. 543
Wildberg, C. 363
Wiles, D. 183
Will, E. 237
Williams, Bernard 197
Williamson, Margaret 244
Winckelmann, J. J. 171
Winiarczyk, M. 325
Winter, F. E. 578
women
childbirth rituals 523–4
clothing required at festivals 102
midwives 524
parthenos (unmarried girl, maiden) 44–5
participation in magic 247–8
women’s police (gynaikonomoi) 526
worship of herms 249
Woodbury, L. 334
Wormell, D. E. W. 451
Wycherley, Richard E. 233–4
Wypustek, Andrzej 387
Xenokrateia 60–1
Xenokrates 420–2
Xenophon 73, 182, 199, 305, 327, 529, 659
Hellenica 198
Hipparchos 182
Memorabilia 335
see also Index of Passages
Xunzi (philosopher) 654–5
Yavis, C. G. 51
Youtie, H. C. 131–2
Zaitsev, Y. P. 594
Zanker, P. 167
Zeitlin, F. I. 185
Zejmal’, T. I. 644
Zeus (god) 11, 12, 31, 42, 43–6, 74, 86, 90–2, 131, 135, 137–8, 140, 151–4, 156–62, 187, 246, 251, 311–12, 359, 361–2, 374–7, 482, 608, 644–5
sanctuary at Labraunda 267
sanctuary at Magnesia-on-the-Maeander 543–5
sanctuary at Mount Hymettos 100
sanctuary at Mount Lykaion 15
sanctuary at Syracuse 573–4
Zgoll, C. 607
Zimmermann, K. 260
Zografou, A. 361
Zoroastrianism 219
Zubrow, E. 116
Zuntz, G. 576