(p. xxi) List of Figures
(p. xxi) List of Figures
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1.1 Percentage of lower court nominations not confirmed by the Senate 1933–2012 4
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1.3B Minority and female appointees to the U.S. district courts, January 1977–May 2014 21
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4.1 When federal judges end active status relative to pension qualification 84
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4.2 Federal judicial salaries, inflation adjusted, 2014 dollars 91
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13.1 Spatial representation SOP model 256
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16.2 Partisan polarization and ideology of the justices, 1994 term 313
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16.3 Distribution of ideal points by party, 107th Senate 314
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16.4 Partisan polarization and ideology of the justices, 2010 term 315
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23.1 Approval of the Supreme Court, Congress, and president 435
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23.3 Proportion of GSS respondents expressing a “great deal” of confidence in each branch of government 438
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26.1 Votes in all non-unanimous cases for the 1941–53 terms 510
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26.2 Illustration of probability (probit) model for judicial votes in three cases 511
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26.3 Illustration of Bayesian updating with judicial votes from the 1941 term 513
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26.4 Static (median) ideal point estimates with 95 percent credible intervals for the 1941–53 terms 522
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(p. xxii) 26.5 Median dynamic ideal points for all justices, with separate pre- and post-Nuremberg trends for Jackson 523
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26.6 Median post-Nuremburg shift for subsets of cases and all cases, 1941–53 525
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26.7 Static ideal points in First Amendment cases, 1941–53 525
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26.8 Ideal point estimates for economic regulation cases and civil liberties cases 527
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26.9 Divergent inferences about Nuremberg’s effect on Jackson’s due process views 528