- Phonology
- Morphology
- Lexis
- Syntax
- Semantics
- Discourse
- Pragmatics
- Dialogue
- Mathematical Foundations: Formal Grammars and Languages
- Finite-State Technology
- Statistical Methods: Fundamentals
- Statistical Models for Natural Language Processing
- Machine Learning
- Word Representation
- Deep Learning
- Similarity
- Evaluation
- Sublanguages and Controlled Languages
- Lexicography
- Corpora
- Corpus Annotation
- Ontologies
- Text Segmentation
- Part-of-Speech Tagging
- Parsing
- Semantic Role Labelling
- Word Sense Disambiguation
- Computational Treatment of Multiword Expressions
- Textual Entailment
- Anaphora Resolution
- Natural Language Generation
- Speech Recognition
- Temporal Processing
- Text-to-Speech Synthesis
- Machine Translation
- Translation Technology
- Information Retrieval
- Information Extraction
- Question Answering
- Text Summarization
- Term Extraction
- Web Text Mining
- Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis
- Spoken Language Dialogue Systems
- Multimodal Systems
- Natural Language Processing for Educational Applications
- Automated Writing Assistance
- Text Simplification
- Author Profiling and Related Applications
- Recent Developments in Natural Language Processing
Abstract and Keywords
Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a dynamic and rapidly developing field in which new trends, techniques, and applications are constantly emerging. This chapter focuses mainly on recent developments in NLP which could not be covered in other chapters of the Handbook. Topics such as crowdsourcing and processing of large datasets, which are no longer that recent but are widely used and not covered at length in any other chapter, are also presented. The chapter starts by describing how the availability of tools and resources has had a positive impact on the field. The proliferation of user-generated content has led to the emergence of research topics such as sarcasm and irony detection, automatic assessment of user-generated content, and stance detection. All of these topics are discussed in the chapter. The field of NLP is approaching maturity, a fact corroborated by the latest developments in the processing of texts for financial purposes and for helping users with disabilities, two topics that are also discussed here. The chapter presents examples of how researchers have successfully combined research in computer vision and natural language processing to enable the processing of multimodal information, as well as how the latest advances in deep learning have revitalized research on chatbots and conversational agents. The chapter concludes with a comprehensive list of further reading material and additional resources.
Keywords: NLP for user-generated content, fake news detection, crowdsourcing, processing of financial texts, NLP for disabled users, language and vision, chatbots, conversational agents, language resources
Research Group in Computational Linguistics, University of Wolverhampton
Ruslan Mitkov is Professor of Computational Linguistics and Language Engineering at the University of Wolverhampton, where he leads the Research Group in Computational Linguistics. His research has covered anaphora resolution, centering, machine translation, and automatic abstracting. Professor Mitkov is the author of the book Anaphora Resolution (Longman, 2002) and editor of the Natural Language Processing book series published by John Benjamins. He has served as Chair or a member of the Programme Committee of a number of NLP conferences. He was also recently guest editor of the journals Machine Translation and Computational Linguistics (with Branimir Boguraey and Shalom Lappin).
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- Phonology
- Morphology
- Lexis
- Syntax
- Semantics
- Discourse
- Pragmatics
- Dialogue
- Mathematical Foundations: Formal Grammars and Languages
- Finite-State Technology
- Statistical Methods: Fundamentals
- Statistical Models for Natural Language Processing
- Machine Learning
- Word Representation
- Deep Learning
- Similarity
- Evaluation
- Sublanguages and Controlled Languages
- Lexicography
- Corpora
- Corpus Annotation
- Ontologies
- Text Segmentation
- Part-of-Speech Tagging
- Parsing
- Semantic Role Labelling
- Word Sense Disambiguation
- Computational Treatment of Multiword Expressions
- Textual Entailment
- Anaphora Resolution
- Natural Language Generation
- Speech Recognition
- Temporal Processing
- Text-to-Speech Synthesis
- Machine Translation
- Translation Technology
- Information Retrieval
- Information Extraction
- Question Answering
- Text Summarization
- Term Extraction
- Web Text Mining
- Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis
- Spoken Language Dialogue Systems
- Multimodal Systems
- Natural Language Processing for Educational Applications
- Automated Writing Assistance
- Text Simplification
- Author Profiling and Related Applications
- Recent Developments in Natural Language Processing