The status of the psychology of men in 2010 is assessed in terms of empirical research and knowledge about men in therapy. A brief historical context for the psychology of men over the past decades is presented. Men’s problems are reviewed from the survey research and the most frequently referenced paradigms in the psychology of men. Empirical research studies are examined that assess whether masculinity ideology, gender role conflict/stress, and other masculinity constructs are correlated with men’s psychological problems. The results strongly suggest that masculinity conflicts are significantly related to men’s psychological and interpersonal problems. The clinical knowledge on men as clients is reviewed in the context of published paradigms that treat men in therapy. The chapter concludes with recommendations for more complex research designs, greater emphasis on diversity, more evidence-based interventions with men, and more extensive training and teaching about the psychology of men in counseling psychology. The overall status of the psychology of men is “alive and well” but more elaborate theoretical paradigms and focused empirical research are needed for the psychology of men to significantly affect counseling psychology and mainstream psychology.