- [UNTITLED]
- List of Contributors
- African American Citizenship
- An American Conundrum: Race, Sociology, And The African American Road To Citizenship
- Race and the Limits of American Democracy: African Americans from the Fall of Reconstruction to the Rise of the Ghetto
- The Strange Career Of Racial Science, Racial Categories, And African American Identity
- Race-Conscious Color Blindness: World War II, <i>Brown v. Board of Education</i>, and the Strange Persistence of the One-Drop Rule
- From Color Caste to Color Blind, Part I: Racial Attitudes in the United States during World War II, 1939–1945
- From Color Caste to Color Blind, Part II: Racial Attitudes during the Civil Rights and Black Power Eras, 1946–1975
- From Color Caste to Color Blind, Part III: Contemporary Era Racial Attitudes, 1976–2004
- From Slave to Citizen: Overview of the Evolution of African American Economic Status
- Reconstruction: The Foundations of Economic Citizenship
- The Economy and the Black Citizen, 1900 to World War II
- The Expansion of Economic Rights since World War II
- Government Policy and the Poor
- African American Politics and Citizenship, 1865–Present: An Overview
- The Black Public Sphere and Black Civil Society
- Blacks and the Racialized State
- War and African American Citizenship, 1865–1965: The Role of Military Service
- From the Civil Rights Movement to the Present
- African American Women: Intersectionality in Politics
- The United States Constitution and the Struggle for African American Citizenship: An Overview
- African American Legal Status from Reconstruction Law to the Nadir of Jim Crow: 1865–1919
- African American Legal Status from the Harlem Renaissance through World War II
- Law from the Rise of the Civil Rights Movement to the Present
- Education and the Quest for African American Citizenship: An Overview
- Emancipation and Reconstruction: African American Education, 1865–1919
- From the “New Negro” to Civil Rights: African American Education, 1919–1945
- Education from Civil Rights through Black Power: 1945–1975
- From Retrenchment to Renewal: African American Education, 1975–Present
- The African American Psyche, 1865–Present: An Overview
- Predicaments, Coping, and Resistance: Social and Personal Identities among African Americans
- Contemporary Black Identities and Personalities
- The Rise and Fall of Race Psychology in the Study of African Americans
- Black Personality in the Integrationist Era
- The Racism of Intelligence: How Mental Testing Practices Have Constituted an Institutionalized Form of Group Domination
- Index
Abstract and Keywords
Three major economic events structured African Americans' economic status during the first half of the twentieth century: the economic boom of the 1914–1918 World War I era initiated the Great Migration of many African Americans into cities; the Great Depression of the 1930s pushed African Americans to the brink of destitution; and in 1940 World War II began a tremendous resurgence of the economy opening many opportunities for African Americans. Although, agriculture remained their largest sphere of employment and black farmers languished under decades of low farm prices and hard times, many blacks would take advantage of these macrosocial events. African Americans strove to gain a living against steep odds imposed by the discrimination of governments, white employers and unions, and white violence. Black agencies were mostly proactive as migration sparked the building of a new urban middle class and black institutions dedicated to raising African Americans' social position.
Keywords: black citizenship, World War II, economic status, African Americans, social position, farm prices
Gerald Jaynes is Professor of Economics and African American Studies at Yale University.
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- [UNTITLED]
- List of Contributors
- African American Citizenship
- An American Conundrum: Race, Sociology, And The African American Road To Citizenship
- Race and the Limits of American Democracy: African Americans from the Fall of Reconstruction to the Rise of the Ghetto
- The Strange Career Of Racial Science, Racial Categories, And African American Identity
- Race-Conscious Color Blindness: World War II, <i>Brown v. Board of Education</i>, and the Strange Persistence of the One-Drop Rule
- From Color Caste to Color Blind, Part I: Racial Attitudes in the United States during World War II, 1939–1945
- From Color Caste to Color Blind, Part II: Racial Attitudes during the Civil Rights and Black Power Eras, 1946–1975
- From Color Caste to Color Blind, Part III: Contemporary Era Racial Attitudes, 1976–2004
- From Slave to Citizen: Overview of the Evolution of African American Economic Status
- Reconstruction: The Foundations of Economic Citizenship
- The Economy and the Black Citizen, 1900 to World War II
- The Expansion of Economic Rights since World War II
- Government Policy and the Poor
- African American Politics and Citizenship, 1865–Present: An Overview
- The Black Public Sphere and Black Civil Society
- Blacks and the Racialized State
- War and African American Citizenship, 1865–1965: The Role of Military Service
- From the Civil Rights Movement to the Present
- African American Women: Intersectionality in Politics
- The United States Constitution and the Struggle for African American Citizenship: An Overview
- African American Legal Status from Reconstruction Law to the Nadir of Jim Crow: 1865–1919
- African American Legal Status from the Harlem Renaissance through World War II
- Law from the Rise of the Civil Rights Movement to the Present
- Education and the Quest for African American Citizenship: An Overview
- Emancipation and Reconstruction: African American Education, 1865–1919
- From the “New Negro” to Civil Rights: African American Education, 1919–1945
- Education from Civil Rights through Black Power: 1945–1975
- From Retrenchment to Renewal: African American Education, 1975–Present
- The African American Psyche, 1865–Present: An Overview
- Predicaments, Coping, and Resistance: Social and Personal Identities among African Americans
- Contemporary Black Identities and Personalities
- The Rise and Fall of Race Psychology in the Study of African Americans
- Black Personality in the Integrationist Era
- The Racism of Intelligence: How Mental Testing Practices Have Constituted an Institutionalized Form of Group Domination
- Index
