- The Oxford Handbooks in Criminology and Criminal Justice
- The Oxford Handbook of Environmental Criminology
- Dedication
- Foreword
- Acknowledgments
- List of Contributors
- Environmental Criminology: Scope, History, and State of the Art
- Social Spatial Influences
- How Do We Get to Causal Clarity on Physical Environment-Crime Dynamics?
- The Individual Perspective
- Do We Really Need Collective Social Process to Understand Why Crime Occurs and Offenders Commit Crime?
- The Importance of High Offender Neighborhoods within Environmental Criminology
- Four Images of the Delinquency Area
- Evaluating Theories of Environmental Criminology: Strengths and Weaknesses
- Deciding on the “Appropriate” Unit of Analysis: Practical Considerations in Environmental Criminology
- GIS and Spatial Analysis
- The Role of Innovative Data Collection Methods in Advancing Criminological Understanding
- Advances in Visualization for Theory Testing in Environmental Criminology
- Victimization Surveys in Environmental Criminology
- Systematic Social Observation
- Computer Simulations: Agent-Focused Environmental Criminology
- Research on Neighborhoods in European Cities
- Testing Theories of Social Disorganization in Nigeria
- Gated Communities and Crime in the United States
- Egohoods: Capturing Change in Spatial Crime Patterns
- Signal Crimes, Social Reactions, and the Future of Environmental Criminology
- Built Environment, Land Use, and Crime
- Macro-Level Generators of Crime, Including Parks, Stadiums, and Transit Stations
- Does Crime Impact Real Estate Prices?: An Assessment of Accessibility and Location
- Street Networks and Crime
- Crime Concentrations at Places
- Studying Situational Effects of Setting Characteristics: Research Examples from the Study of Peers, Activities, and Neighborhoods
- Place Management
- Crime Concentrations: Hot Dots, Hotspots, and Hot Flushes
- Time and Opportunity
- Guardianship
- Mobility and Location Choice of Offenders
- What Have We Learned from Environmental Criminology for the Prevention of Crime?
- Riots, Space, and Place
- Geoprofiling Terrorism
- Child Sexual Abuse and Opportunity
- Gangs and Space
- Organized Crime and Places
- Cybercrime and Place: Applying Environmental Criminology to Crimes in Cyberspace
- Maritime Piracy
- Index
Abstract and Keywords
This chapter discusses advances in visualization for environmental criminology. The environment within which people move has many dimensions that influence or constrain decisions and actions by individuals and by groups. This complexity creates a challenge for theoreticians and researchers in presenting their research results in a way that conveys the dynamic spatiotemporal aspects of crime and actions by offenders in a clearly understandable way. There is an increasing need in environmental criminology to use scientific visualization to convey research results. A visual image can describe underlying patterns in a way that is intuitively more understandable than text and numeric tables. The advent of modern information systems generating large and deep data sets (Big Data) provides researchers unparalleled possibilities for asking and answering questions about crime and the environment. This will require new techniques and methods for presenting findings and visualization will be key.
Keywords: visualization, crime, environmental criminology, visual image, information system, big data
Patricia L. Brantingham is Professor of Criminology, RCMP University Chair of Computational Criminology, and Associate Director of the Institute for Canadian Urban Research Studies at Simon Fraser University. Her current research interests are in computational criminology, pattern theory, environmental criminology, crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED), criminal justice planning, and policy evaluations.
Paul J. Brantingham is a professor of criminology, RCMP University Chair of Crime Analysis, and Associate Director of the Institute for Canadian Urban Research Studies at Simon Fraser University. His current research interests are in computational criminology, pattern theory, environmental criminology, ecology of crime, crime analysis, historical criminology, and comparative criminal justice.
Justin Song is a Research Assistant in the Institute for Canadian Urban Research Studies as well as technical staff in the Department of Geography at Simon Fraser University. His current research interests are spatial analysis of crime, geovisualization, and geographic information systems.
Valerie Spicer is a Postdoctoral Fellow conducting research with the Institute of Canadian Urban Research Studies at Simon Fraser University. Her research interests include environmental criminology, fear of crime, and big-data crime analysis techniques. She is an 18-year member of the Vancouver Police Department and currently deployed as an operational sergeant in Vancouver’s downtown core.
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- The Oxford Handbooks in Criminology and Criminal Justice
- The Oxford Handbook of Environmental Criminology
- Dedication
- Foreword
- Acknowledgments
- List of Contributors
- Environmental Criminology: Scope, History, and State of the Art
- Social Spatial Influences
- How Do We Get to Causal Clarity on Physical Environment-Crime Dynamics?
- The Individual Perspective
- Do We Really Need Collective Social Process to Understand Why Crime Occurs and Offenders Commit Crime?
- The Importance of High Offender Neighborhoods within Environmental Criminology
- Four Images of the Delinquency Area
- Evaluating Theories of Environmental Criminology: Strengths and Weaknesses
- Deciding on the “Appropriate” Unit of Analysis: Practical Considerations in Environmental Criminology
- GIS and Spatial Analysis
- The Role of Innovative Data Collection Methods in Advancing Criminological Understanding
- Advances in Visualization for Theory Testing in Environmental Criminology
- Victimization Surveys in Environmental Criminology
- Systematic Social Observation
- Computer Simulations: Agent-Focused Environmental Criminology
- Research on Neighborhoods in European Cities
- Testing Theories of Social Disorganization in Nigeria
- Gated Communities and Crime in the United States
- Egohoods: Capturing Change in Spatial Crime Patterns
- Signal Crimes, Social Reactions, and the Future of Environmental Criminology
- Built Environment, Land Use, and Crime
- Macro-Level Generators of Crime, Including Parks, Stadiums, and Transit Stations
- Does Crime Impact Real Estate Prices?: An Assessment of Accessibility and Location
- Street Networks and Crime
- Crime Concentrations at Places
- Studying Situational Effects of Setting Characteristics: Research Examples from the Study of Peers, Activities, and Neighborhoods
- Place Management
- Crime Concentrations: Hot Dots, Hotspots, and Hot Flushes
- Time and Opportunity
- Guardianship
- Mobility and Location Choice of Offenders
- What Have We Learned from Environmental Criminology for the Prevention of Crime?
- Riots, Space, and Place
- Geoprofiling Terrorism
- Child Sexual Abuse and Opportunity
- Gangs and Space
- Organized Crime and Places
- Cybercrime and Place: Applying Environmental Criminology to Crimes in Cyberspace
- Maritime Piracy
- Index