- The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology
- List of Contributors
- Introduction
- Origins of <i>Kalām</i>
- The Early Qadariyya
- Jahm b. Ṣafwān (d. 128/745–6) and the ‘Jahmiyya’ and Ḍirār b. ʿAmr (d. 200/815)
- Early Shīʿī Theology
- Excursus I: Christian Theological Thought during the First ʿAbbāsid Century
- Excursus II: Ungodly Cosmologies
- The Muʿtazilite Movement (I): The Origins of the Muʿtazila
- The Muʿtazilite Movement (II): The Early Muʿtazilites
- The Muʿtazilite Movement (III): The Scholastic Phase
- The Shīʿī Reception of Muʿtazilism (I): Zaydīs
- The Shīʿī Reception of Muʿtazilism (II): Twelver Shīʿīs
- The Predecessors of Ashʿarism: Ibn Kullāb, al-Muḥāsibī and al-Qalānisī
- Between Cordoba and Nīsābūr: The Emergence and Consolidation of Ashʿarism (Fourth–Fifth/Tenth–Eleventh Century)
- Early Ibāḍī Theology
- Karrāmiyya
- Scripturalist and Traditionalist Theology
- Ḥanafī Theological Tradition and Māturīdism
- Philosophical Theology
- Ismāʿīlī Theology
- Sufi Theological Thought
- Occasionalism
- Abū Hāshim al-Jubbāʾī’s (d. 321/933) Theory of ‘States’ (<i>aḥwāl</i>) and its Adaption by Ashʿarite Theologians
- Theories of Ethical Value in Kalām : A New Interpretation
- Theology and Logic
- Theology Engages With Avicennan Philosophy: al-Ghazālī’s Tahāfut al-Falāsifa and Ibn al-Malāḥimī’s Tuḥfat al-Mutakallimīn fī l-Radd ʿalā l-Falāsifa
- Twelver Shīʿī Theology
- Zaydī Theology in Yemen
- Handbooks in the Tradition of Later Eastern Ashʿarism
- Later Ashʿarism in the Islamic West
- Egypt and the Later Ashʿarite School
- Excursus III: The Coptic and Syriac Receptions of Neo-Ashʿarite Theology
- Theology in the Ottoman Lands
- Theology in Central Asia
- Theology in the Indian Subcontinent
- Ḥanbalī Theology
- al-Maʾmūn (r. 198/813–218/833) and the <i>Miḥna</i>
- The <i>Miḥna</i> of Ibn ʿAqīl (d. 513/1119) and the <i>Fitnat</i> Ibn al-Qushayrī (d. 514/1120)
- The Religious Policy of the Almohads
- Interpretations of Ashʿarism and Māturīdism in Mamluk and Ottoman Times
- Main Trends of Islamic Theological Thought from the Late Nineteenth Century to Present Times
- Striving for a New Exegesis of the Qurʾān
- Index
Abstract and Keywords
The miḥna of Ibn ʿAqīl (d. 513/1119) and the fitnat Ibn al-Qushayrī (d. 514/1120)—two major events that took place in eleventh-century Baghdad—mark the victory of traditionalist Islam over rationalist Islam, and as such are considered as part of ‘the Sunni Revival’. The chapter unfolds the political, social, and doctrinal factors that led to these events, while focusing on the role of the leader of the Baghdadian Ḥanbalīs, the sharīf Abū Jaʿfar al-Hāshimī (d. 470/1077–8) in orchestrating the events. The first section of the chapter summarizes Ibn ʿAqīl’s miḥna based on George Makdisi’s scholarly work, and also provides a limited-scale reading in the primary sources. The second section offers new insights on the fitnat Ibn al-Qushayrī based on a close reading of the primary sources, and a survey of recently published researches.
Keywords: miḥna of Ibn ʿAqīl, fitnat Ibn al-Qushayrī, Sunni Revival, Baghdad, Ḥanbalīs
Livnat Holtzman is Senior Lecturer and Chair of the Department of Arabic at Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan.
Access to the complete content on Oxford Handbooks Online requires a subscription or purchase. Public users are able to search the site and view the abstracts and keywords for each book and chapter without a subscription.
Please subscribe or login to access full text content.
If you have purchased a print title that contains an access token, please see the token for information about how to register your code.
For questions on access or troubleshooting, please check our FAQs, and if you can''t find the answer there, please contact us.
- The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology
- List of Contributors
- Introduction
- Origins of <i>Kalām</i>
- The Early Qadariyya
- Jahm b. Ṣafwān (d. 128/745–6) and the ‘Jahmiyya’ and Ḍirār b. ʿAmr (d. 200/815)
- Early Shīʿī Theology
- Excursus I: Christian Theological Thought during the First ʿAbbāsid Century
- Excursus II: Ungodly Cosmologies
- The Muʿtazilite Movement (I): The Origins of the Muʿtazila
- The Muʿtazilite Movement (II): The Early Muʿtazilites
- The Muʿtazilite Movement (III): The Scholastic Phase
- The Shīʿī Reception of Muʿtazilism (I): Zaydīs
- The Shīʿī Reception of Muʿtazilism (II): Twelver Shīʿīs
- The Predecessors of Ashʿarism: Ibn Kullāb, al-Muḥāsibī and al-Qalānisī
- Between Cordoba and Nīsābūr: The Emergence and Consolidation of Ashʿarism (Fourth–Fifth/Tenth–Eleventh Century)
- Early Ibāḍī Theology
- Karrāmiyya
- Scripturalist and Traditionalist Theology
- Ḥanafī Theological Tradition and Māturīdism
- Philosophical Theology
- Ismāʿīlī Theology
- Sufi Theological Thought
- Occasionalism
- Abū Hāshim al-Jubbāʾī’s (d. 321/933) Theory of ‘States’ (<i>aḥwāl</i>) and its Adaption by Ashʿarite Theologians
- Theories of Ethical Value in Kalām : A New Interpretation
- Theology and Logic
- Theology Engages With Avicennan Philosophy: al-Ghazālī’s Tahāfut al-Falāsifa and Ibn al-Malāḥimī’s Tuḥfat al-Mutakallimīn fī l-Radd ʿalā l-Falāsifa
- Twelver Shīʿī Theology
- Zaydī Theology in Yemen
- Handbooks in the Tradition of Later Eastern Ashʿarism
- Later Ashʿarism in the Islamic West
- Egypt and the Later Ashʿarite School
- Excursus III: The Coptic and Syriac Receptions of Neo-Ashʿarite Theology
- Theology in the Ottoman Lands
- Theology in Central Asia
- Theology in the Indian Subcontinent
- Ḥanbalī Theology
- al-Maʾmūn (r. 198/813–218/833) and the <i>Miḥna</i>
- The <i>Miḥna</i> of Ibn ʿAqīl (d. 513/1119) and the <i>Fitnat</i> Ibn al-Qushayrī (d. 514/1120)
- The Religious Policy of the Almohads
- Interpretations of Ashʿarism and Māturīdism in Mamluk and Ottoman Times
- Main Trends of Islamic Theological Thought from the Late Nineteenth Century to Present Times
- Striving for a New Exegesis of the Qurʾān
- Index
