This chapter first offers a general definition of wetland archaeology. It then provides an overview of the chapters included in this Handbook, which cover as many parts of the world as possible and discuss a wide range of topics such as wetland landscapes, settlements, and buildings; methods and techniques for archaeological investigations; and international, national, and local responses to the destruction of, and damage to, wetland and wet archaeological sites. The chapter also argues that at a time of global economic and climate change concerns, it has become more and more evident that wetland archaeologists need to engage with the general public in a more holistic way. It is in fact crucial that people are aware, not only of the results achieved by wetland archaeology, but also of the numerous problems that the discipline and indeed the entire archaeological evidence face.