This chapter provides an overview of research on the Johannine texts in their relationship with the Jewish literature of Second Temple times. While it cannot be said that the Gospel and Letters draw directly on any specific text, careful analysis demonstrates that they are aware of a wide range of Jewish traditions from very different backgrounds; links with Wisdom and Apocalyptic traditions have long been recognized, while more recently there has been much discussion of their relationship with the Dead Sea Scrolls, and even with later Palestinian Jewish literature, including exegetical traditions. Thus a comparison with a range of Jewish literature helps highlight the specifically Johannine perspective on concerns common in the Jewish traditions of their time.